Globalization refers to the process by which countries, economies, and cultures become more interconnected and interdependent due to increased trade, communication, and migration. While this phenomenon has been ongoing for centuries, advances in technology, especially in transportation and communications, have accelerated the rate at which globalization occurs. It has many facets, including economic globalization—whereby markets for goods, services, and capital become increasingly integrated—and cultural globalization, which involves the spread of language, customs, and social norms across borders. Although globalization offers opportunities for economic growth, technological progress, and cultural exchange, it also poses challenges such as income inequality, cultural homogenization, and environmental degradation. Thus, it remains a complex and often controversial topic that continues to shape the trajectory of nations and communities around the world.