Data refers to raw, unprocessed facts and figures that are collected, stored, and analyzed to extract meaningful insights. In its most basic form, data can exist as numerical values, text, images, audio, or any other type of information that can be quantified or categorized. With the proliferation of digital technology, the volume, velocity, and variety of data generated have exponentially increased, giving rise to the era of "Big Data." Data serves as the foundational element for various domains such as data science, machine learning, statistics, and artificial intelligence, where it is processed and analyzed to inform decision-making, identify patterns, and solve complex problems. In the business context, data analytics is used to improve operational efficiency, customer experience, and market strategies. In healthcare, it aids in medical research and patient care. In the public sector, it helps in policy formulation and governance. However, the collection and use of data also raise ethical and privacy concerns, especially related to data ownership, consent, and security. As a result, the management of data, including its acquisition, storage, and utilization, has become a critical concern for individuals, organizations, and governments alike.